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Jacques Jean Lhermitte
French neurologist and neuropsychiatrist, born January 20, 1877, Mont-Saint-Père, Aisne; died 1959.
Associated eponyms:
Lhermitte's sign
Flexing of the neck produces electric shock-like sensations that extend down the spine and shoot into the limbs.
Lhermitte's syndrome
A rare syndrome of ocular palsy with nystagmus and paralysis of adduction during attempted lateral deviation of the eyes.
Lhermitte-Cornil-Quesnel syndrome
A slowly progressive pyramidopallidal degeneration.
Lhermitte-Duclos syndrome
A rare pathologic entity with progrediating, diffuse hypertrophy chiefly of the stratum granulosum of the cerebellum.
Lhermitte-Lévy syndrome
A syndrome of slowly progressing paralysis after a stroke.
Lhermitte-McAlpine syndrome
A combined pyramidal and extrapyramidal tract syndrome in middle-aged and elderly persons.
Lhermittes-Trelles syndrome
A syndrome characterised by lymphoblastic infiltrations of the peripheral nervous system, associated with paresis and amyoptrophia.
Roth-Bielschowsky syndrome
Internuclear ophthalmoplegia with medial rectus muscle paralysis for versions, intact convergence, and vestibular nystagmus of abducted eye.
Biography:
Jacques Jean Lhermitte was the son of an artist. Following early education at St. Etienne he studied in Paris, graduating in medicine in 1907. He specialised in neurology and became Chef-de-clinique for nervous diseases in 1908, 1910 Chef de laboratoire, and professeur agrégé for psychiatry 1922. He later became Médecin at the Hospice Paul Brousse, head of the Fondation Dejerine, and clinical director at the Salpêtrière.
During World War I he studied spinal injuries and became interested in neuropsychiatry. This led to publications on visual hallucinations of the self. A deeply religious man, he explored the common territory between theology and medicine, and this led to interesting studies on demoniacal possession and stigmatisation. Lhermitte was a great clinical neurologists whose enthusiasm which infected his younger contemporaries.
Bibliography:
- Techniques anatomo-pathologiques du système nerveux. Paris, 1914.
- Psycho-névroses de guerre. Paris, 1916.
- Les blessures de la moëlle épinière. Paris, 1917.
- La section totale de la moëlle épinière. Paris, 1918.
- Syndrome de la calotte pédonculaire. Les troubles psychosensoriels dans les lesions du mesencepahle.
Revue Neurologique, 1922, 38, 1359-1365.
- Les fondements biologiques de la psychologie. Paris, 1925.
- Le sommeil normal et pathologique.
Société de Neurologie de Paris. Paris, 1927.
- L'hallucinose pédonculaire.
L'encéphale. Journal de neurologie et de psychiatrie, Paris, 1932, 27, 422-435.
- Syndrome contralateral du noyau rouge avec hallucinations visuelles et auditives.
With Delthil and Garnier. Revue neurologique, Paris, 1938, 70: 623-628.
- Les fondements anatomo-physiologiques de certaines hallucinations visuelles.
Confinia Neurologica, Basel, 1949, 9: 43-57.
- Visual hallucination of the self.
The British Medical Journal, London, 1951, 1: 431-434.
- Les hallucinations: clinique et physiopathologie. Paris, 1951, Doin.
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