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Hubert von Luschka

German anatomist, born July 27, 1820, Konstanz; died May 1, 1875, Tübingen.

Associated eponyms:
Luschka's bursa
A cystic notochordal remnant found inconstantly in the posterior wall of the nasopharynx at the lower end of the pharyngeal tonsil.

Luschka's cartilage
A small cartilaginous nodule sometimes found in the anterior portion of the vocal cord.

Luschka's cystic glands
Small mucous tubuloalveolar glands in the mucosa of the larger bile ducts, especially in the neck of the gallbladder.

Luschka's ducts
Small, glandlike tubular structures in the wall of the gallbladder adjacent to the liver, especially in the part covered with peritoneum.

Luschka's fibres
Prerectal muscle fibres.

Luschka's foramen
The Foramen of 4th ventricle. One of the two lateral openings draining the fourth ventricle into the subarachnoid space at the cerebellopontine angle.

Luschka's fossa
Recessus ileocecalis superior.

Luschka's gland
The lymphgland in the angle between common bile duct and the cystic duct.

Luschka's joints
Small synovial joints between lateral aspects of adjacent lower cervical vertebral bodies.

Luschka's muscle
Levator ani muscle.

Luschka's tonsils
A collection of more or less closely aggregated lymphoid nodules on the posterior wall of the roof of the nasopharynx.

Magendie's foramen
The median irregular foramen in the membranous roof of the 4th ventricle of the brain.

Theile's glands
Small, mucous, glands of biliary mucosa. tubuloalveolar glandlike formations in the mucosa of the larger bile ducts and in the pelvis of the gallbladder.

Biography:
Hubert von Luschka at first concentrated his efforts in pharmacy, but in 1841 went to Freiburg to study medicine. He continued his studies in Heidelberg 1843-1844 and then returned to Freiburg. Luschka passed the state examination in Karlsruhe in 1844, practiced medicine for period in Meersburg, and in 1845 received his doctorate at Freiburg.

Folowing a period as assistant to Georg Friedrich Ludwig Stromeyer (1804-1876), Luschka undertook scientific journeys to Paris, Vienna, and upper Italy, and also practiced in his native city. In 1849 he was invited to Tübingen as extraordinary professor and, upon the retirement of Friedrich Arnold (1803-1890), he was appointed ordinarius and director of the anatomical institute. He remained in this position until his death in 1875. Luscka is reckoned among the major anatomists of the 19th century, particularly distinguishing himself in gross anatomy. He was a prolific writer.

Bibliography:

Entwicklungsgeschichte der Formbestandtheile des Eiters und der Granulationen.
Doctoral thesis; Freiburg, 1845.
Die Nerven in der harten Hirnhaut. Tübingen, 1850.
Die Nerven des menschlichen Wirbelcanals. Tübingen, 1850.
Die Structur der serösen Häute des Menschen. Tübingen, 1851.
Der Nervus phrenicus des Menschen. Tübingen, 1853.
Die Adergeflechte des menschlichen gehirns. Berlin, 1855.
Die Brustorgane des Menschen in ihrer Lage. Tübingen, 1857.
Die Halbgelenke des menschlichen Körpers. Berlin, 1858.
Der Herzbeutel und die Fascia endothoracica.
Denkschriften der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, 1859.
Die Blutgefässe der Klappen des menschlichen Herzens.
Denkschriften der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, 1859.
Der Hirnanhang und die Steissdrüse des menschlichen Herzens.
Berlin, 1860.
Die Muskulatur am Boden des weiblichen Beckens.
Denkschriften der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, 1861.
Ueber polypöse Vegetationen der gesammten Dickdarmschleimhaut. [Virchows] Archiv für pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und für klinische Medizin, Berlin, 1861, 20: 133-142.
First authentic description of polyposis of the colon.
Die Anatomie des Menschen in Rücksicht auf die Bedürfnisse der praktischen Heilkunde bearbeitet.
3 volumes. Tübingen, 1862-1867.
Die Anatomie des menschlichen Bauches/Die Anatomie des menschlichen Beckens. Tübingen : Laupp, 1863-1864.
Die Anatomie des menschlichen Halses/Die Anatomie der Brust des Menschen. Tübingen : Laupp, 1862-1863.
Die Venen des menschlichen Halses.
Denkschriften der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, 1862.
Der Schlundkopf des Menschen.
Denkschriften der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, 1868.
Die Lage der Bauchorgane des Menschen. 1873.
Der Kehlkopf des Menschen. Tübingen, H. Laupp, 1871.
This book on the larynx is representative of Luschka's anatomical studies and is a thorough work containing ten fine anatomical plates, several of which are partially colored.