Panayiotopoulos syndrome

Early onset benign childhood seizures with occipital spikes. The cardinal features of Panayiotopoulos syndrome are infrequent (often single), partial seizures with an unusual constellation of ictal symptoms that rarely occur in other epilepsies. The seizure consists of a combination of autonomic and behavioral disturbances, vomiting, deviation of the eyes, often with impairment of consciousness that usually progress to convulsions. All of these symptoms may occur together in more than half of the seizures. That one or more of them may predominate or be absent is common. Well-documented current evidence indicates that descriptive terms referring to “occipital epilepsy” or “epilepsy with occipital spikes or occipital paroxysms” are incorrect and should be discouraged

The names "Panayiotopoulos syndrome" or "Panayiotopoulos type of benign childhood occipital epilepsy" were proposed for this syndrome mainly by Fejerman and his associates in 1996, Caraballo et al in 1997, 1998, 1999; and Ahmed Sharoqi et al 1997.

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  Gibbs & Gibbs described occipital spikes and their evolution.
• C. P. Panayiotopoulos:
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• C. P. Panayiotopoulos:
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• C. P. Panayiotopoulos:
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• C. P. Panayiotopoulos:
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• C. P. Panayiotopoulos:
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• C. P. Panayiotopoulos:
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• C. P. Panayiotopoulos:
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• N Fejerman:
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• Ahmed Sharoqi I, A. Parker, A. Agathonikou:
  Early onset benign childhood occipital seizures (Panayiotopoulos' syndrome).
  Epilepsia, 1997, 38, supplement 3: 223.
• R. H. Caraballo, R. O. Cerosimo, C. S. Medina, S. Tenembaum, N. Fejerman:
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• R. H. Caraballo, R. O. Cerosimo, N. Fejerman:
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• R. H. Caraballo, R. O. Cerosimo, N. Fejerman:
  Idiopathic partial occipital epilepsy of early onset.
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• C. P. Panayiotopoulos, P. Chrysostomos:
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