Carl Anton Ewald

Carl Anton Ewald is remembered for his studies of gastric juices, and for introducing flexible rubber tubes for absorbing stomach content. He introduced “his” test meal, a breakfast, in 1885. He is also remembered for utilizing incubation for exploring the contents of the stomach.

Ewald studied in Berlin, Heidelberg, and Bonn. He obtained his medical doctorate in Berlin in 1870, and in 1871 he became assistant to Friedrich Theodor Frerichs (1819-1885). He was habilitated for internal medicine in 1874, and then became chief physician at the city Frauen-Siechen-Anstalt. In 1888, succeeding Hermann Senator (1834-1911), he became chief physician at the department of internal medicine at the Kaiserin Augusta Hospital. Here he had an extensive practice as physician, teacher, and scientist. One of the pioneers in gastroenterology, Ewald made the Augusta-Hospital a centre for the pathology of digestion.

Ewald became extraordinary professor in 1883, and in 1909 became ordinary honorary professor. He died in Berlin in 1915. His work concerns a wide scope of themes. He was for many years the editor of the Berlin klinische Wochenschrift, as well as librarian to the Berlin medical society.

• Die Lehre von der Verdauung : Einleitung in die Klinik der Verdauungskrankheiten : zwölf Vorlesungen .../ von C. A. Ewald. - Berlin : Hirschwald, 1879. - 132 pages.
• Klinik der Verdauungskrankheiten. 3 volumes. Berlin, 1879-1902. 32
• Klinik der Verdauungskrankheiten. Berlin, 1886-1888.
  Volume I. Lehre von der Verdauung. Berlin, 1886.
  Volume II. Die Krankheiten des Magens. Berlin, 1888.
  Volume III: Die Krankheiten des Darms und des Bauchfells. Berlin, Hirschwald, 1902.
  First American edition of volume II: The Diseases of the Stomach. NY, Appleton, 1893.
  Rescencion in: Zeitschrift für klinische Medizin, Berlin, 1891, 18: 418.
• Die Erkrankungen der Schilddrüse, Myxödem und Cretinismus.
  In: Carl Wilhelm Hermann Nothnagel (1841-1905), et al, publisher: Handbuch der speciellen Pathologie und Therapie, volume 22, 1, Vienna 1896. (Vienna, 1894-1905, 24 volumes.)
• Über die habituelle Obstipation und ihre Behandlung. Berlin, 1897.
• Über Myxödem. Organotherapeutisches.
  Deutsche Klinik, Berlin, volume 3. Leipzig and Vienna, 1903.
• Erkrankungen der Gallenblase und Gallengänge.
  Moderne ärztliche Bibliothek, Heft 9; Berlin, 1904.
• Die Ernährung des gesunden und kranken Menschen. Leipzig and Vienna, 1905.
  With Immanuel Munk (1852-1903). The third edition of the work by the same title by I. Munk and Julius August Uffelmann (1837-1894) first published in Leipzig and Vienna in 1887.
  Myasthenia gravis pseudoparalytica 4th edition: Diät und Dietotherapie. Ewald alone. 1915.
• Magengeschwür und Magenblutung.
  Deutsche Klinik, volume 5, Leipzig and Vienna, 1905.
• Handbuch der allgemeinen und speciellen Arzneiverordnungslehre.
  A work introduced in 1831.
  10th edition by Carl Anton Ewald and E. Lüdecke, Berlin, A. Hirschwald, 1883.
  11th edition by Ewald, Berlin, A. Hirschwald, 1887.
  12th edition by Ewald, 1892.
  13th, expanded edition: Handbuch der allgemeinen und speziellen Arzneiverordnungslehre auf Grundlage des Arzneibuch für das Deutsche Reich - - 3. Ausg. nebst Nachtrag und der fremden neuesten Pharmacopoeen / bearbeitet von Carl Anton Ewald. 13. verm. Aufl.. - Berlin: Hirschwald, 1898-1901.
  14th edition by Ewald and Arthur Heffter (1859-1925), Berlin, 1911.
• Die Leberkrankheiten. Leipzig, 1913.
• Über Altern und Sterben. Vienna, 1913.
• Stoffwechsel und Diät von Gesunden und Kranken. Leipzig 1914.