- A dictionary of medical eponyms

Franz Ernst Christian Neumann

Born  1834
Died  1918

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German pathologist and haematologist, born January 30, 1834, Königsberg, Prussia; died March 6, 1918, Königsberg.

Biography of Franz Ernst Christian Neumann

Franz Ernst Christian Neumann was the grandson of K. G. Hagen Professor of mathematics, physics, chemestry and pharmacy, and as son of Franz Ernst Neumann (1798-1895), a pioneer in the mathematical physics. He enrolled at the Albertina Universität Königsberg (now Kaliningrad, Russia) in 1850, and received his doctorate in 1855. One of Neumann's teachers was the physician, physicist, and philosopher Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz (1821-1894), who was professor at Königsberg from 1848 to 1855, and influenced Neumann towards pathology.

He subsequently sundertook postgraduate studies in Prague, in Berlin under Rudolf Virchow (1821-1902), and then internal medicine in Königsberg. In 1866 he was appointed professor and chief of the newly established Institute og Pathology at Königsberg. He later was made Geheimer Medicinalrath – privy medical councellsor, and received honorary doctorate from the universities of Tübingen and Geneva, in 11898 and 1915, respectively.

Neumann was married to Anna Koenig. They had six children, of whom only three survived to adulthood. She died in 1903.

Bibliography

  • Beiträge zur Kenntniss des Zahnbein- und Knochengewebes. Leipzig, 1863.
  • Ueber das verschiedene Verhaltung gelähmter Muskeln gegen den constanten und inducirten Strom und die Erklärung desselben.
    Deutsche Klinik, Berlin, 1864, 16: 65-69.
    One of the first publications on electrodiagnosis.
  • Ein Fall von Leukämie mit Erkrankung des Knochenmarks.
    [Ernst Leberecht Wagners] Archiv der Heilkunde, Leipzig, 1870, 11: 1-14.
    Neumann was the first to note changes in the bone marrow in leukaemia, and he proposed the term “myelogenous leukaemia.”
  • Hämatologische Studien III, Leukozyten und Leukämie.
    Archiv für Mikroskopische Anatomie und Entwicklungsgeschichte, 1912, 207: 480-520. Also in: Blut und Pigmente, Fischer, Jena 1918.
  • Blut und Pigmente. Gustav Fischer, 1917.
    Contains all publications with regard to hematology and pigments.
  • G. Rosenow:
    Ernst Neumann. His Significance in Todays Hematology.
    Karger Gazette Basel, 1967, 15: 8.
  • E. Neumann-Redlin von Meding:
    Der Pathologe Ernst Neumann und sein Beitrag zur Begründung der Hämatologie im 19. Jahrhundert.
    Schriftenreihe der Münchner Vereinigung für Geschichte der Medizin e.V. Bd. Nr.18 Demeter Verlag München 1987.
  • Y. Klinger:
    Über die Entdeckung der hämatopoetischen Funktion des Knochenmarks und das Postulat der Stammzelle. Von der Hypothese Ernst Neumanns zum experimentellen Beweis.
    Inaugural Dissertation Bochum 1992
  • H. A. Neumann, Y. Klinger:
    Knochenmark und Stammzelle. Der Kampf um die Grundlagen der Hämatologie.
    Ex libris Roche. Volume 1 Blackwell Verlag Berlin, 1994.
  • E. Neumann-Redlin von Meding:
    Ernst Chr. Neumann (1834-1918); Die Beschreibung der funktionellen Morphologie des Knochenmarks am Pathologischen Institut Königsberg und dessen Einfluß auf die Hämatolgie des 19.Jahrhunderts.
    In: Jahrbuch der Albertus Universität Königsberg, 1894, 29: 425-437. In: Die Albertus-Universität zu Königsberg und ihre Professoren: Hsg. Dietrich Rauschning und Donata v. Nerrée. Verlag Duncker und Humblot, Berlin, 1995.

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