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Albert Touraine
French dermatologist, born November 11, 1883, Paris; died May 3, 1961, Paris.
Associated eponyms:
Behçet's syndrome
Recurrent systemic disease characterized by uveitis with hypopyon, recurrent ulceration of the mucous membranes of the mouth and pharynx, and ulceration of the genitalia.
Christ-Siemens-Touraine syndrome
A rare, congenital development defect of the ectoderm and mesoderm structures in which absence of sweat glands impairs heart regulation and causes heat intolerance.
Grönblad-Strandberg syndrome
A rare hereditary disorder with degenerated elastic fibres present in the skin, blood vessels and heart, due to calcification of elastic fibres.
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
Gastrointestinal polyposis associated with benign adenomatous tumours and mucocutaneous pigmentation consisting of discrete brown to bluish-black macules about the lips, oral mucosa, and other facial orifices.
Siemens' syndrome I
A familial form of keratosis involving the face, neck, forearms, ears, palms and soles, and backs of the hands.
Touraine's syndrome I
Neurocutaneous phacomatosis with spread of naevus cells in the skin and diffuse or circumscribed pigmentation of the leptomeninges by naevus cells.
Touraine's syndrome III
A familial, possibly autosomal dominant disorder in which facial freckles are associated with mental retardation.
Touraine-Renault syndrome
A benign symmetrical lipomatosis usually seen in middle aged males who are heavy drinkers or have liver disease.
Touraine-Solente-Golé syndrome
Osteodermopathic syndrome characterized by so-called "bull-dog scalp" lesions, clubbing of the digits; elephantiasis of long bones, enormously large hands and feet; periosteal lesions, fatigability, etc.
Trauner-Rieger syndrome
A hereditary syndrome characterized by several congenital anomalies that occur together irregularly.
Weber-Cockayne syndrome
A form of epidermolysis bullosa.
Biography:
Albert Touraine studied medicine at the University of Paris under Eugčne Charles Apert (1868-1940), Arnold Netter (1855-1939) and Emile Charles Achard (1860-1944). He obtained his doctorate in 1912 with a thesis containing original observations of agglutination reactions in syphilis.
Following World War I, when he spent two years with the 166th Infantry Regiment in the Verdun region, Touraine became chief of the dermatology and syphilology service at a specialist hospital in Besançon. After the armistice, Touraine worked in the Hôpital de la Charité and Broca hospitals, Paris, and in 1932 he received the senior post of physician to the Hôpital St.-Louis.
Touraine's contributions were rewarded by his appointment as Chevalier of the Legion of Honour and later in life he was advanced to the status of Officer and finally Commander. H served as vice president of the French Society of Genetics, and as president of the French Society of Dermatology and Syphilology. In 1960 he was elected to the vice presidency of the Academy of Medicine.
Touraine's personal qualities were summed up in his obituary: " He was naturally respected for his immense industry and erudition and for his intellectual integrity, but he perhaps won even more admiration for his natural humour and warm-hearted friendliness.
Touraine was prolific writer, contributing more than 120 medical articles and reviews. For the last eighteen years of his life he edited the journal Annales de dermatologie et de syphiligraphie.
We thank Patrick Jucker-Kupper, Switzerland, for information submitted.
Bibliography:
- Servitude et grandeur de l'hôpital Saint-Louis.
Médecine de France, 1952, 32, 13-16.
- L'Hérédité en Médecine. Paris, Masson, 1955.
- G. B. Dowling:
Dr Albert Touraine.
British Journal of Dermatology, Oxford, 1961, 73 : 346-347.
- B. Duperrat, L. Golé:
Nécrologie. Albert Touraine 1883-1941.
La presse médicale, Paris, 1962, 70(3): 153-154.
- F. Ronchese:
Obituary. Albert Touraine 1883-1961.
Archives of Dermatology, Chicago, 1962, 85: 285-286.
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